Antimicrobial Resistance between Lack of Access and Excess

The use of antimicrobials, primarily antibiotics, but also antivirals, antiparasitics, and antiseptics is rapidly rising around the world – and with it, antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The current COVID-19 pandemic illustrates both the burden on the health system and the economic costs a pathogen can pose when no medication is available. Concerning resistance, the crux of the matter lies in balancing the need to reduce overall antibiotic consumption while at the same time expanding access in countries where such antibiotics are not easily accessible.